论文标题

格陵兰岛峰会站的射频冰介电测量

Radiofrequency Ice Dielectric Measurements at Summit Station, Greenland

论文作者

Aguilar, J. A., Allison, P., Besson, D., Bishop, A., Botner, O., Bouma, S., Buitink, S., Cataldo, M., Clark, B. A., Couberly, K., Curtis-Ginsberg, Z., Dasgupta, P., de Kockere, S., de Vries, K. D., Deaconu, C., DuVernois, M. A., Eimer, A., Glaser, C., Hallgren, A., Hallmann, S., Hanson, J. C., Hendricks, B., Henrichs, J., Heyer, N., Hornhuber, C., Hughes, K., Karg, T., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Korntheuer, M., Kowalski11, M., Kravchenko, I., Krebs, R., Lahmann, R., Latif, U., Mammo, J., Marsee, M. J., Meyers, Z. S., Michaels, K., Mulrey, K., Muzio, M., Nelles, A., Novikov, A., Nozdrina, A., Oberla, E., Oeyen, B., Plaisier, I., Punsuebsay, N., Pyras, L., Ryckbosch, D., Scholten, O., Seckel, D., Seikh, M. F. H., Smith, D., Stoffels, J., Southall, D., Terveer, K., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Broeck, D. J. Van Den, van Eijndhoven, N., Vieregg, A. G., Vischer, J. Z., Welling, C., Williams, D. R., Wissel, S., Young, R., Zink, A.

论文摘要

We recently reported on the radio-frequency attenuation length of cold polar ice at Summit Station, Greenland, based on bistatic radar measurements of radio-frequency bedrock echo strengths taken during the summer of 2021. Those data also include echoes attributed to stratified impurities or dielectric discontinuities within the ice sheet (layers), which allow studies of a) estimation of the relative contribution of coherent (discrete layers,例如)与不连贯的(例如,体积,例如)散射,b)内部层反射系数的大小,c)限制反射方位不对称的限制(双发性),d)限制了信号分散体的限制,限制了iN-In-In-In-In-In-In-In-In-In-In-In-presswidth trwidththththththth twidth twidth twiDth的iN-100 mHz。我们发现i)在平均10000个回声触发后,在热底上可观察到的反射信号(至大约1500 m的深度)与完全一致的信号是一致的,ii)内部层反射系数在大约-60至-60至-70 db的范围内进行了大约-60至-70 db的远距离效应,而近距离进行了较小的相比,相对较小的相比,有序的相对效果,一定有序的效果,一定有序的效果,一定有序的效果,一定效果,一定程度地累积,并在相比之下。 iv)在我们的实验极限内,冰川冰对与中微子检测实验相关的频带无分散。

We recently reported on the radio-frequency attenuation length of cold polar ice at Summit Station, Greenland, based on bistatic radar measurements of radio-frequency bedrock echo strengths taken during the summer of 2021. Those data also include echoes attributed to stratified impurities or dielectric discontinuities within the ice sheet (layers), which allow studies of a) estimation of the relative contribution of coherent (discrete layers, e.g.) vs. incoherent (bulk volumetric, e.g.) scattering, b) the magnitude of internal layer reflection coefficients, c) limits on the azimuthal asymmetry of reflections (birefringence), and d) limits on signal dispersion in-ice over a bandwidth of ~100 MHz. We find that i) after averaging 10000 echo triggers, reflected signal observable over the thermal floor (to depths of approximately 1500 m) are consistent with being entirely coherent, ii) internal layer reflection coefficients are measured at approximately -60 to -70 dB, iii) birefringent effects for vertically propagating signals are smaller by an order of magnitude relative to comparable studies performed at South Pole, and iv) within our experimental limits, glacial ice is non-dispersive over the frequency band relevant for neutrino detection experiments.

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